General Information
Ratu Boko, also known as Kraton Ratu Boko, is an ancient palace complex approximately 18 kilometres east of Yogyakarta. Believed to have been built during the 8th century, Ratu Boko served as a royal retreat and administrative centre during the reign of the Mataram Kingdom. Today, the site is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to Java’s ancient civilizations’ architectural and artistic achievements.
Ratu Boko, nestled on a scenic hilltop overlooking the lush landscapes of Yogyakarta, is a captivating archaeological site shrouded in intrigue and legend. With its sprawling ruins, majestic temples, and panoramic views, Ratu Boko offers visitors a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of ancient Java and a chance to unravel the mysteries of the past.
History
The Ratu Boko site is not a temple but rather the remains of a kingdom. Ratu Boko Temple is often referred to as Ratu Boko Palace. Kraton Boko is named after Ratu Boko, Lara Jonggrang’s father, and the site was once his palace. The Buddhist Syailendra dynasty most likely erected the Ratu Boko site in the eighth century. But after that, the Mataram Hindu monarchs took over the location. The change in ‘owner’ influenced the Kraton Boko building’s Hindu and Buddhist designs and shapes.
At the Ratu Boko site, an inscription dated 792 AD was found, called the Abhayagiriwihara Inscription. The contents of this inscription underlie the assumption that Rakai Panangkaran had built the Ratu Boko Palace. The Abhayagiriwihara inscription is written using pranagari letters, one of the characteristics of Buddhist inscriptions. The inscription states that King Tejapurnama Panangkarana, who was considered Rakai Panangkaran, ordered the construction of Abhayagiriwihara. The same name is also mentioned in the Kalasan Inscription (779 AD), the Mantyasih Inscription (907 AD), and the Wanua Tengah III Inscription (908 AD).
According to experts, the word Abhaya means without happiness or peace. At the same time, Giri means mountain or hill. Thus, Abhayagiriwihara means a monastery built on a peaceful hill. During the reign of Rakai Walaing Pu Kombayoni, namely 898-908, Abhayagiri Wihara changed its name to Kraton Walaing.
Ratu Boko Palace, which occupies quite a large area of land, consists of several buildings. Most of them are now just ruins.
Highlights
Explore the enchanting highlights of Ratu Boko:
- Ancient Ruins: Explore the intriguing archaeological ruins of Ratu Boko, including the remnants of the royal palace complex, gates, walls, and stone structures dating back to the 8th century.
- Panoramic Views: Take in breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding landscape from Ratu Boko’s hilltop location. Witness the beauty of Yogyakarta’s landscapes, including lush greenery, rolling hills, and distant mountains.
- Sunset Point: Experience the magical sunset views from Ratu Boko’s designated sunset point. Watch as the sun dips below the horizon, casting a warm glow over the ancient ruins and surrounding scenery.
- Cultural Performances: Attend traditional Javanese cultural performances at Ratu Boko, including gamelan music, Wayang Kulit (shadow puppet) shows, and traditional dance performances. Immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of Yogyakarta.
- Legends and Mythology: Learn about the legends and mythology surrounding Ratu Boko, including stories of the mythical king after whom the site is named. Explore the mystical aspects of Ratu Boko’s history and lore.
- Scenic Walks: Enjoy leisurely walks around the expansive grounds of Ratu Boko, taking in the serene atmosphere and ancient surroundings. Discover hidden corners, archaeological features, and scenic viewpoints along the way.
- Photography Opportunities: Capture stunning photographs of the ancient ruins, panoramic vistas, and sunset views at Ratu Boko. The site offers plenty of photo-worthy moments for photography enthusiasts and Instagrammers alike.